Pandivere Upland

2415 km2

 

Emumägi hill, the highest top of the Pandivere Height, is an esker on a drumlin
(absolute height 166 m asl, relative height 79 m asl (above sea level)

http://pilt.delfi.ee/album/122503/?view=blog&page=3

The upland on bedrock core in North Estonia

Mound of limestone, covered with 2-5 m of Quaternary cover

Topography: eskers and chains of eskers up to 30 m of length

The highest point: Emumägi (166 m)

The most extensive karst area (dissolution of a layer(s) of soluble bedrock)

Karst features: sinkhole plains, sinkholes (cenotes, dolines),

Groundwater sensitive to pollution

Large infiltration area: rainwater filters into limestone bedrock fissures through moraine cover

Springs give start to numerous rivers: the rivers of Pärnu, Jägala, Põltsamaa, etc

Big mire areas on the edges

60% of the upland - the best soils in Estonia

Large fields, large rural settlements

Pine forests, oak forests

In northern part phosphorite and oil shale resources

Pandivere Water Protection Area to protect the water supplies of North Estonia